Charges Where You Can’t Get Deferred Adjudication in Texas

April 12, 2010

By Collin County Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

Deferred adjudication is where you plead guilty but the judge does not actually find you guilty.  Instead they defer that finding while you are placed on probation.

Deferred adjudication is available on many criminal charges in Texas but not all.  Most people are familiar with deferred for traffic tickets but the truth is the concept is far more expansive.

Virtually every offense in Texas is legally subject to deferred with the exception to DWI offenses, (Tex.Pen.C. 49.04 – 49.08), capital offenses, certain sex offenses, and certain repeat offenses (typically sex offenses or selling drugs in drug free zones).  Texas Code of Criminal Procedure section 42.12 Section 5 governs deferred and it’s availability.

As with which cases a person may receive community supervision, in certain situations for deferred, the statutory scheme gets tricky and you should consult an attorney if you have any questions.

I have discussed in previous blawgs the other pros and cons of deferred here, and here.  Never assume that by pleading guilty (or nolo contendere) and getting deferred that your criminal record will be unharmed or will undo itself.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and licensed by the Supreme Court of Texas. Nothing in this article should be considered leal advice.  For legal advise specific to your situation you should directly consult an attorney.

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Posted by Jeremy Rosenthal, Esq.

Petition for Non-Disclosure

March 15, 2010

By Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

jeremy@texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

A Petition for Non-Disclosure is an intermediate tool used to clean someone’s record.  It essentially hides your record from the public.  It is not as sweeping or as beneficial as an expunction, but it can lessen the blunt force of a conviction.

The Non-Disclosure statute is very complicated and is loaded with qualifications and exceptions.  What it means, in general, is that your criminal record stays intact (unlike an expunction where an arrest record is destroyed), but the state is limited in it’s ability to disseminate the information of your record to the general public.  As you can see by reading the statute, there are numerous agencies which are exempted from honoring the non-disclosure (such as professional licensing bodies), and there are tons of offense which don’t qualify for non-disclosures (such as sexual assault, stalking, and family violence affirmative findings).

Here is how it generally works:  If you plead guilty and are placed on deferred adjudication, you may be eligible to file a petition for non-disclosure two years after the date of your Tex.Code.Crim.P. 42.12(5)(c) dismissal on misdemeanor cases and five years after the dismissal of your felony.  Your petition is discretionary meaning the prosecution can fight it and you must prove to the judge that granting it is in the best interests of justice.

The code was recently amended to allow for immediate non-disclosure of most misdemeanor offenses after successfully being discharged from deferred adjudication.

The benefit of a petition for non-disclosure is that your criminal record shouldn’t be readily available to private companies that do general background searches.  The downfall is that they can be challenging to get and even though the information s difficult to attain, it hasn’t been destroyed as with expunctions.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and licensed by the Supreme Court of Texas. Nothing in this article should be considered legal advice.  For legal advice you should always consult an attorney.

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Deferred Adjudication

March 14, 2010

By Collin County Criminal Attorney Jeremy Rosenthal

texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

Deferred adjudication in Texas is where a person charged with an offense pleads guilty or no contest and rather than being found guilty, the judge defers a finding of guilty while the accused is placed on what amounts to probation.

If the person successfully completes deferred, they are never “convicted” of the offense.  Most people are familiar with deferred because of a traffic offense or another class c misdemeanor.  Most class c deferred adjudications do make you eligible for expunction.  You are not eligible for expunction for class b misdemeanors or above in Texas, meaning your criminal record will never be completely erased.  You may be eligible for a petition for non-disclosure which is much different.

It is a dangerous, dangerous, assumption for anyone to make that if they plead guilty and accept deferred that the case merely vanishes or goes away.  Here is an interesting web site about deferred adjudication.  I’m not personally familiar with this group, but they seem to have some interesting information and statistics about deferred.

I’m not always convinced deferred is a terrible thing, but sometimes deferred can even be the devil’s candy… meaning that it sounds very tempting but it only begins your nightmare.

If you violate deferred, then you’re subject to punishment for the entire punishment range.  What this means, is that even though you get deferred on a state jail felony (that has a maximum punishment of 2 years jail — as an example), you may at first just have to report to a probation officer and do probation — but if you violate your probation — you can’t go back and fight the underlying case AND you are still subject to doing up to the entire 2 years in jail.

The federal government may treat a Texas deferred as a conviction.  Also, there are many Texas statutes and laws which simply don’t give you any benefit above and beyond a conviction.  Just as a small example, where a juvenile gets multiple dui deferred adjudications, they can later be enhanced as if they were convictions.  There are plenty of other criminal statutes  in Texas that treat deferred like a conviction.

If you’re about to accept deferred adjudication in a Texas Court, you should make sure to specifically know exactly what it is that you’re getting into by speaking with your

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and licensed by the Supreme Court of Texas. Nothing in this article is intended to be legal advice.  For specific legal advice, you should always consult an attorney.

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What is the Difference Between Pleading Guilty and No Contest in Texas?

February 28, 2010

By Collin County Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

Under Texas law — pleading “no contest” (or sometimes called “nolo contendere”) feels better than pleading guilty and that is about it.

Many people think that if they plead “no contest” that they’re not being convicted or being placed on deferred and that nothing will go on their criminal record.  This is not true and the wording of the plea is nothing more than a legal mechanism which alleviates the state from their burden of proof beyond all reasonable doubt.  If the judge accepts a plea of guilty, or no contest — they are legally empowered to find you guilty (or place you on deferred) with no additional evidence.

The lone narrow difference is that if you plead “no contest” to an offense in Texas, and if there is a civil case where the criminal case is of significance, a “no contest” plea might not be admissible in that proceeding.

Due to the fact civil cases have even lower burdens of proof than criminal cases and usually settle before trial anyway, “no contest” pleas are somewhat irrelevant to a lawyer’s analysis of your criminal case.

All-in-all the biggest issue with “no contest” pleas is that it can leave a false sense as to the outcome of the case.  The only way to erase a criminal record in Texas is through an expunction.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and licensed by the Supreme Court of Texas. Nothing in this article should be considered legal advice.  For legal advice you should consult an attorney.

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What is the Result or Punishment for a 1st DWI in Texas?

February 22, 2010

By Collin County Criminal Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

In Dallas and Collin County where I practice, DWI’s are statistically very winnable.  Today’s blog, though, deals with what happens if you plead guilty or are found guilty at trial.

A first DWI in Texas is a Class ‘B’ misdemeanor.  A first DWI conviction in Texas is not a felony.  Even as a misdemeanor a conviction stays on your criminal record forever.

The punishment range for a Texas DWI is between 72 hours an 180 days of jail and/or up to a $2,000 fine.

Don’t panic!  That time is usually probated — meaning you’re on probation for DWI and only if you violate your probation do you look at going back to jail.  I can safely say in my experience as a prosecutor and a DWI defense lawyer the vast majority of persons arrested for DWI spend no time in jail after their original arrest.  Of course, no lawyer can guarantee you any result.

With the punishment range as it is, your lawyer must admonish you that it is legally possible for you to be assessed 180 days and a $2,000 fine.  This is not to minimize the consequences, but most experienced DWI lawyers in Dallas and Collin Counties will tell you that result is highly unlikely.

You should also be aware that if you’re convicted of DWI and your breath test result was a 0.15 or above, you’re legally required to have a deep lung device installed on your car for at least half of the probation period.

Beginning in September, 2011, a DWI with a blood alcohol concentration above a 0.15 is now a class A misdemeanor punishable by up to a year of jail — again — typically probated.

Also there is a surcharge for renewing your driver’s license of $1,000 upon conviction for 3 years following the conviction.  The surcharge goes up to $2,000 per year if your breath and/or blood is a 0.16 or higher.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and licensed by the Supreme Court of Texas. Nothing in this article is intended to be legal advice.  For legal advice please consult an attorney.

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