Podcast: Family Law Talk with Lawyer Brook Fulks

November 3, 2020

By Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

www.texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

On my weekly podcast which I’m calling, “The Lawyer Show,” we had a good talk about family law and divorce cases a few weeks ago with a good friend of mine and an excellent lawyer Brook Fulks.  We talk a lot about the intersection of family law and criminal law as our cases do over-lap in domestic violence issues and issues about sexual and child abuse.

I hope you find the discussion interesting!

 

*Jeremy Rosenthal is board certified in criminal law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization.  He is designated as a Texas Super Lawyer by Thomson Reuters.


When Does a Family Assault Become Aggravated Assault with a Deadly Weapon?

April 28, 2020

By Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

www.texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

Most family assault cases come to us with similar facts.  A heated family argument happens, someone calls 911, and the police come out.  After interviewing the often angry, emotional, and sometimes intoxicated people – the police make their best guess as to who is at fault and charges are brought.

Many are shocked to see the charges or the arrest may be for “aggravated assault with a deadly weapon.”

Screen Shot 2020-05-26 at 8.40.22 AM

So what makes it aggravated assault with a deadly weapon?  Usually there is an accusation someone “used or exhibited” a “deadly weapon” in domestic or family assaults which takes them from being misdemeanor assaults to 2nd degree felony charges (Carrying 2 to 20 years in prison and/or a fine not to exceed $10,000).

Using or exhibiting has a broad definition legally as does deadly weapon.  A deadly weapon is defined as:

  1. a firearm; or
  2. anything manifestly designed, made, or adapted for the purpose of inflicting death or serious bodily injury; or
  3. anything that in the manner of its use or intended use is capable of causing death or serious bodily injury.

Even if there was no contact between spouses, if one spouse accuses another of brandishing an object which could cause serious bodily injury or death – then a person can ultimately be charged with aggravated assault with a deadly weapon.

I’ve seen all types of objects alleged to be deadly weapons.  Some are obvious and some leave you scratching your head.  Ash trays, candles, and even hands can be alleged to be deadly weapons.

The allegation can be heart-stopping – but here’s some good news:  The prosecution often sets themselves up for failure by over-charging these cases.  Imagine having jury duty, seeing someone charged with something as heinous sounding as “aggravated assault with a deadly weapon.”  Then you hear they got into an argument with their spouse and the show-stopping accusation is the accused picked up some object while arguing with their spouse and perhaps made some furtive motion which could be interpreted as a threat.  You’d think the accusation is ridiculous too.

There are variations on these facts we see — but there is almost never a good reason to capitulate to charges like these.  The charges can be attacked at the grand jury phase of the case, when it gets to the initial prosecution team — and if necessary at trial.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization.  He was recognized as a Super Lawyer in 2019 by Thomson Reuters.


What is a Magistrate’s Order for Emergency Protection?

November 18, 2019

By Collin County Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

(972) 369-0577

texasdefensefirm.com

texasdomesticviolencearrest

These are known as Emergency Protective Orders or EPOs.  They can be extremely disruptive, costly, and exacerbate emotional distress of the entire family on top of the havoc a domestic violence arrest already inflicts.

Texas law allows a police officer making an arrest to ask a magistrate judge for an EPO.  The officer does not need the consent of anyone else including the complaining witness to seek the Order.

Violation of the Order can be a serious misdemeanor as well.  Each Emergency Protective Order is different from the next.  Don’t assume an EPO prohibits or doesn’t prohibit certain activities.

Most of these orders require the accused to stay a certain distance away from the alleged victim and other family members.  They also often prohibit either direct or indirect communication.

Direct communication is typically construed as phone calls, text messages or communications on social media.  Indirect communication is typically where the Defendant has a friend — often a mutual friend – make contact with the complaining witness.  Both are normally violations.

The length of the EPO can vary but for most assault cases in Collin County they may last either 91 or 61 days.

An EPO Can Be Destructive

Following an Emergency Protective Orders can require a person live in a hotel or other temporary accommodations because they are prohibited from going to their residence.  Two months in a hotel means two months of paying double for housing.  Further, where a couple has children, one parent — usually the complaining witness — is saddled with 100% of the childcare for that time as well.  While the goal is to allow a couple time away to that emotions and physical conflict cool it can have the effect of throwing a family further in chaos.

How do I Get My Stuff?

EPOs create immediate logistical headaches.  If you can’t call your spouse or can’t communicate with them through a friend — then how are you supposed to get your clothes, work laptop, or medications?

Most Protective Orders provide for some type of safe harbor within the first 24 hours to get these things arranged.  Read the fine print carefully.  You may be allowed to have a friend or representative get whatever you need quickly.

What to Be Careful about with Emergency Protective Orders

Always make sure you read the details carefully — and if you have any questions at all about the specific provisions of your EPO be sure to ask a lawyer.

Communicating with the protected person while under an EPO can lead to lots of problems.  Frequently it is the victim reaching out to the Defendant — but no matter — the Defendant still commits an offense by engaging in that communication.

What Can A Lawyer Do?

A Lawyer Can Communicate Directly with the Alleged Victim

I’ve yet to see a protective order without language exempting the lawyer from the communication prohibition.  This is because lawyers have legal and ethical duties to investigate their case.  Don’t expect your lawyer to be an on-going courier or go-between, however, your lawyer can assist in coordinating necessary issues in addition to planning towards long-term goals of your case.

A Lawyer Can Help Get the Order Modified

Most judges will modify a protective order so long as everyone is in agreement — usually both spouses or both persons involved in the altercation.  The magistrate may drag their feet or do it slowly so as to allow the parties a colling down period but most magistrates don’t wish to impose the additional hardship an EPO can cause.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law and is licensed to practice in the State of Texas.


There’s No Such Thing as a Minor Family Assault Charge

March 8, 2010

By Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

jeremy@texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

Domestic or family violence charges in Texas range from class c misdemeanors (the same level as a minor traffic offense), to felonies in other circumstances.  The fact that some are charged as class c’s doesn’t diminish their importance and can act as a trap door.

A class c assault occurs where there is unwelcome offensive or provocative contact.  The state does not need to prove the victim suffered any pain or discomfort whatsoever.  They appear deceptively insignificant because they can be charged in smaller municipal courts and before justices of the peace where the rules are less formal and far fewer people have lawyers.

In class c domestic violence cases, the prosecution may try and add a small enhancement paragraph to the charge known as “an affirmative finding of family violence” under Texas Code of Criminal Procedure 42.013 and Texas Family Code 71.004.  If the court enters this finding, even where the defendant gets deferred adjudication, then that finding can be used to enhance a future misdemeanor assaults all the way to a felony.

Most domestic violence cases in Texas are charged as the class a misdemeanor assault — where the state must prove some bodily injury (defined as any pain or discomfort).  These cases can be very difficult for the state to prove.  Often times the state will offer a class c deferred on the morning of trial if they feel badly about their case.  Even in those instances, a person charged must be very careful because the affirmative finding may still be attached even though the charges reduced and getting deferred.

If you are charged with a class c assault where the alleged victim was a family member or someone in a dating relationship, you should strongly consider getting a lawyer regardless of how minor you think the situation to be.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and licensed by the Supreme Court of Texas. He is designated as a Texas Super Lawyer by Thomson Reuters.