Video of a Textbook Illegal Search

April 6, 2012

By Collin County Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

texasdefensefirm.com

(972) 369-0577

Today I’m posting a video created by a guy driving home from a Star Trek convention with a buddy who was stopped by a police officer for an alleged minor traffic offense.  He and his friend spend the better part of an hour being harassed, manipulated and badgered by the officer.  It’s a textbook example of when an unsuspecting fly gets tangled in the web of a nasty spider and can’t get away.

You can watch the video here.

As a Criminal Defense Lawyer having dealt with many bad searches, here are a few things I think are important to point out about this stop/ video.

Situations Like This Rarely Come to Light in the First Place

The reason this type of harassment of citizens never really comes to light is because these guys are completely innocent.  They’ve got no reason to ever acquire, watch, or publish this video.  In fact, most people who go through something like this either just want to forget that it ever happened or were so intimidated by the experience that they simply walk away.

Another reason why this situation is seldom exposed is because when an officer does profile correctly and find marijuana, cocaine or methamphetamine — the citizens regard all the singing, dancing, and acting he did to get into the car as “great police work.”  Obviously what is ultimately found, if anything, doesn’t suddenly validate the illegality of the search.

This is an Extreme (but not unheard of) Scenario

This situation is extreme.  It’s very common to see stops for very thin reasons, and very common to see cops play delay games like “the computer is slow today”.  Getting a k-9 to give a false hit (if that’s really what happened) would be highly uncommon, and simply making up a reason altogether for the stop (if that is what really happened) would also be well out-of-bounds.  Police often reach or stretch for reasons to detain someone, but normally it’s based on at least a smidgen of good faith.

Why this Search Was Illegal

Courts have long struggled with these types of police games.  In United States v. Shabazz, 993 F.2d 431 (5th Cir. 1993) citing United States v. Guzman, 864 F.2d 1512, (10th Cir. 1988) the Fifth Circuit stated:

“An officer conducting a routine traffic stop may request a driver’s license and vehicle registration, run a computer check, and issue a citation. When the driver has produced a valid license and proof that he is entitled to operate the car, he must be allowed to proceed on his way, without being subject to further delay by police for additional questioning. In order to justify a temporary detention for questioning, the officer must also have reasonable suspicion of illegal transactions in drugs or of any other serious crime.”

Also, it’s a well known game to wait for the arrival of a K-9 unit in the event the detaining officer suspects drugs.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and licensed by the Supreme Court of Texas. Nothing in this article is intended to be legal advice.  For legal advice about any situation you should contact an attorney directly.  Communications sent through this blog are not confidential, privileged, nor do they create an attorney-client relationship.


How Prosecutors Turn Evidence of Innocence into Evidence of Guilt

October 4, 2011

By Dallas and Collin County Criminal Defense Lawyer Jeremy Rosenthal

(972) 562-7549

texasdefensefirm.com

Prosecuting lawyers (like any lawyers) are in the business of selling their case to the jury.  To do that, they try to combine the facts of their case with a certain degree of spin or rhetoric to persuade a jury that they have proven their case.

Some of the prosecuting lawyer’s rhetoric, though, is solely designed at spinning evidence of innocence into evidence of guilt — or at the very least making evidence of innocence a ‘jump ball’ as to whether it proves guilt or innocence.

In defense of prosecuting lawyers — I don’t think they fully appreciate exactly what they’re doing.  First of all prosecutors are like any other professional group.  They train, discuss tactics, and share ideas and techniques they find useful.  Unfortunately some also make the thinking error that innocent people don’t get arrested or prosecuted.  When you combine those factors, you get arguments like the ones I’m describing in today’s blog.

Here are some common arguments I hear:

In drunk driving cases:

“Ladies and gentlemen… this defendant doesn’t look bad doing the field sobriety tests, but he’s the type of drunk we need to fear the most because he’s the type of drunk that can find his keys…”

“Drunk drivers can look like anyone.  They don’t look like normal criminals…”

“This drunk driver doesn’t seem too bad on the video because alcoholics know how to mask symptoms of intoxication…”

In Crimes Against People (such as robbery, assault or sexual assault)

“Of course we don’t have much evidence… The defendant is very skilled at choosing the time and place so there won’t be evidence or witnesses…”

“It’s very common for victims to retract their accusations.  They’ve been psychologically traumatized by the defendant…”

“What makes this defendant so dangerous is that he looks like a normal, everyday person…”

Here’s Why I Find these Arguments Distressing:

All of these arguments can be summed up this way “if we have evidence against you, then you’re guilty… and if we don’t have evidence against you… you’re still guilty.”

You can make these arguments about ANYONE sitting in the defendant’s chair in any case regardless of the evidence.  What is worse is that each statement probably does have a nugget of truth from the prosecutor’s perspective and is thus somewhat believable by a jury.  An experienced criminal defense trial lawyer must call the prosecutor out on these types of arguments and expose them for what they are.  Great ways to convict the poor schmo in the defendant’s chair regardless of whether they may be innocent.

Combating these Tactics

Jurors have to be told that, while yes, a person that looks decent on tape but still may be drunk is extremely dangerous — a person that looks good on tape may just be okay to drive too….

…Or that yes, a skilled criminal doesn’t leave much of a trace of a crime — but another reason there are no traces at the crime scene is that the accused might just be innocent…

…Or that yes, an alleged victim may retract an accusation because of stress or coercion — but they might also retract their accusation because it wasn’t true to begin with.

*Jeremy Rosenthal is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and licensed by the Supreme Court of Texas. Nothing in this article is intended to be legal advice.  For legal advice about any situation you should contact an attorney directly.  Contacting the attorney through this forum is not a privileged communication nor does it create an attorney-client relationship.